Cesarean birth rates have increased steadily over the past two decades, with the aim of reducing maternal and infant mortality / morbidity in risky situations. Cesarean birth rates, which cause high maternal and neonatal complication rates and increase health expenditures economically, have become worrying for the whole world today. In Turkey, the country with the highest cesarean birth rate among Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries, 50.4 of every 100 live births are performed with cesarean section. Efforts to reduce cesarean rates conducted by the Ministry of Health and authorities emphasizes the importance of cooperation of midwives. Midwives will contribute to this common purpose, which requires multidisciplinary study with psychosocial, clinical and structural applications. The purpose of this article is to discuss in the light of the literature the evidence-based midwifery practices that can be done to reduce cesarean rates in the world and in our country